using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using NAudio.Wave;
using Cairo;

namespace MorseCodeParser
{
    enum MorseTokenType
    {
        ToneStart,
        ToneEnd
    }


    struct MorseToken
	{
		public MorseTokenType Type;
		public int Index;

		public MorseToken(MorseTokenType inType, int inIndex)
		{
			Type = inType;
			Index = inIndex;
		}

        public override string ToString()
        {
            return string.Format("[MorseToken {0}\tat {1}]", Type, Index);
        }
	}

	class MorseTone
	{
		public int Index;
		public int Length;

		public MorseTone(int inIndex, int inLength)
		{
			Index = inIndex;
			Length = inLength;
		}

        public override string ToString()
        {
            return string.Format("[MorseTone at {0} of length {1}]", Index, Length);
        }
	}

    public class AudioMorseDecoder
    {
        private string filename;

        private ISampleProvider samples;
        private readonly int floatBufferSize = 220500 * 4;
        private readonly int windowSize = 100;
        private readonly int stepSize = 25;

        private readonly float threshold = 0.8f;



        public AudioMorseDecoder(string inFilename)
        {
            filename = inFilename;

            AudioFileReader reader = new AudioFileReader(filename);
            samples = reader.ToSampleProvider();
        }

        private List<MorseToken> analyzeSamples()
        {
            List<MorseToken> result = new List<MorseToken>();

            int buffersRead = 0;
            float[] rawBuffer = new float[floatBufferSize];
            float[] windowedBuffer = new float[(floatBufferSize - windowSize) / stepSize];

            int samplesRead;
            while(true)
            {
                samplesRead = samples.Read(rawBuffer, 0, floatBufferSize);

                for(int i = 0, s = 0; i < samplesRead - windowSize; i += stepSize, s++)
                    windowedBuffer[s] = rawBuffer.Skip(i).Take(windowSize).Max();

                for(int i = 1; i < windowedBuffer.Length; i++)
                {
                    if(windowedBuffer[i - 1] < threshold && windowedBuffer[i] >= threshold)
                        result.Add(new MorseToken(MorseTokenType.ToneStart, (buffersRead * windowedBuffer.Length) + i));
                    else if(windowedBuffer[i - 1] > threshold && windowedBuffer[i] <= threshold)
                        result.Add(new MorseToken(MorseTokenType.ToneEnd, (buffersRead * windowedBuffer.Length) + i));
                }

                if(samplesRead < floatBufferSize)
                    break;

                buffersRead++;
            }

            return result;
        }

        public List<string> ExtractWords(bool renderImage = false)
        {
            List<MorseToken> tokens = analyzeSamples();

            if(renderImage)
                drawFingerprint(tokens);

            List<MorseTone> tones = new List<MorseTone>();
            for(int i = 0; i < tokens.Count; i += 2)
                tones.Add(new MorseTone(tokens[i].Index, tokens[i + 1].Index - tokens[i].Index));

            int longestToneLength = tones.Max((MorseTone tone) => tone.Length);
			int shortestToneLength = tones.Min((MorseTone tone) => tone.Length);
			int shortestTonePause = tones.Zip(tones.Skip(1), (a, b) => Tuple.Create(a, b))
				.Min((Tuple<MorseTone, MorseTone> tonePair) =>
					tonePair.Item2.Index - (tonePair.Item1.Index + tonePair.Item1.Length)
				);
			int longestTonePause = tones.Zip(tones.Skip(1), (a, b) => Tuple.Create(a, b))
				.Max((Tuple<MorseTone, MorseTone> tonePair) =>
					tonePair.Item2.Index - (tonePair.Item1.Index + tonePair.Item1.Length)
				);
            int mediumTonePause = shortestTonePause * 3;

            List<string> resultWords = new List<string>();
            string currentWord = "";
            for(int i = 0; i < tones.Count; i++)
            {
                if(i > 0)
                {
                    int toneSpacing = tones[i].Index - (tones[i - 1].Index + tones[i - 1].Length);

                    int distanceToShortestGap = Math.Abs(shortestTonePause - toneSpacing);
                    int distanceToMediumGap = Math.Abs(mediumTonePause - toneSpacing);
                    int distanceToLongestGap = Math.Abs(longestTonePause - toneSpacing);

                    if(distanceToMediumGap < distanceToLongestGap && distanceToMediumGap < distanceToShortestGap)
                    {
                        // It's a letter spacing!
                        currentWord += " ";
                    }

                    if(distanceToLongestGap < distanceToMediumGap && distanceToLongestGap < distanceToShortestGap)
                    {
                        // It's a word spacing!
                        resultWords.Add(currentWord);
                        currentWord = string.Empty;
                    }
                }

                if(Math.Abs(longestToneLength - tones[i].Length) < Math.Abs(shortestToneLength - tones[i].Length))
                {
                    // It's a long tone
                    currentWord += "-";
                }
                else
                {
                    // It's a short tone
                    currentWord += ".";
                }
            }

            // Add the last word decoded to the list
            resultWords.Add(currentWord);

            return resultWords;
        }

        private void drawFingerprint(List<MorseToken> tokens)
        {
            int fingerprintWidth = 1200, fingerprintHeight = 100;
            float scaleFactorX = (float)fingerprintWidth / tokens.Last().Index;
            using(ImageSurface image = new ImageSurface(Format.Argb32, fingerprintWidth, fingerprintHeight))
            using(Context context = new Context(image))
            {
                context.Antialias = Antialias.Subpixel;
                context.SetSourceColor(new Color(1, 0.4901, 0.1019, 0.8));

                for(int i = 0; i < tokens.Count; i += 2)
                {
                    MorseToken startToken = tokens[i];
                    MorseToken endToken = tokens[i + 1];
                    context.NewPath();
                    Rectangle tokenArea = new Rectangle(
                        startToken.Index * scaleFactorX,
                        0,
                        (endToken.Index - startToken.Index) * scaleFactorX,
                        fingerprintHeight
                    );
                    context.Rectangle(tokenArea);
					context.Fill();
                }

                image.WriteToPng("fingerprint.png");
            }
        }
    }
}